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"New Quality Productive Forces and High-level Science & Technology Self-reliance" Column

Reconstruction and Implementation of National Innovation Sys⁃ tem Under the Background of Accelerating the Formation of the  New Quality Productive Forces 

Chen Jin1,2 , Li Genyi1,2 

（1.School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China；2.Research Center for  Technological Innovation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China）

Abstract: Under the objective of accelerating the implementation of the innovation-driven de⁃ velopment strategy, China's investment in research and development, scientific and technologi⁃ cal human resources, and construction of major scientific and technological innovation platforms  rank among the top in the world. The strength of scientific and technological innovation contin⁃ ues to increase, and the national strategic scientific and technological force has been formed. However, at the same time, the imbalance between R&D investment and innovation capability in  China remains severe. Enhancing the overall efficiency of China's national innovation system is  a top priority at this stage. Facing the current situation of international competition and national  economic and the demands of social development, it is imperative to accelerate the formation of  new quality productive forces and further unleash the vitality of innovation. The key to accelerat⁃ ing the development of new quality productive forces lies in driving industrial innovation through  scientific and technological innovation and building a modern industrial system. As scientific  and technological innovation increasingly becomes the key strategic support for enhancing social  productivity and overall national strength, there is an urgent need to optimize the layout and stra⁃ tegic planning of the scientific and technological innovation system, reshape the national innova⁃ tion system, and form a sustainable mechanism to continuously improve the overall efficiency of  the national innovation system. Facing the urgent goal of accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces, it is  necessary to optimize the scientific and technological innovation system and the layout of produc⁃ tivity through structural and functional reshaping of the national innovation system. This involves  shifting the core relational subjects of the national innovation system from a dual interactive  paradigm of "government-market" to a tripartite interactive paradigm of "government-marketsociety", thus forming an operational mechanism of the national innovation system that aggre⁃ gates governmental cohesion, market competitiveness, and social creative vitality. Specifically, this includes:①Leveraging governmental cohesion, further perfecting the new national system  under the leadership of the central science and technology commission an efficient innovation system that integrates ministry coordination, , continuously optimizing   central-local coordination, and the coordination of national strategic scientific and technological forces.②Utilizing market  competitiveness, promoting the significant role of enterprises, especially technology-based lead⁃ ing enterprises, in innovation leadership.③Enhancing social creative vitality, fully utilizing the  role of the people as an essential component of the national innovation system, promoting eco⁃ nomic and social prosperity through the flourishing of mass innovation, and developing social  productivity through the people's innovation. Overall, strengthening the construction of a new national system and national innovation  system under the leadership of the Party, which organically integrates government, market, and  society, is not only a new exploration of the new national system but also an appropriate measure  to promote China's excellent traditional cultural endowment. Moreover, it is a key action to en⁃ hance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system and lay a mechanistic foundation  for forming new quality productive forces. 

Key words: new quality productive forces; national innovation system; Chinese path to mod⁃ ernization; social creative vitality