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Industrial Technology Progress

The Measurement and Antecedents of Green Innovation Effi⁃ ciency of Chinese High-tech Industries

Shi Xiongtian

(School of Business Administration and Tourism Management,Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China)

Abstract: With the increasingly prominent global environmental problems, green innovation has become the key to promote the sustainable development of high-tech industries. Based on the panel data of China's high-tech industries from 2011 to 2020, this paper aims to deeply ana⁃ lyze the change of green innovation efficiency of China's high-tech industries and its influencing factors. Drawing on the theory of the innovation value chain, the study bifurcates green innova⁃ tion efficiency in high-tech industries into two phases: research and development stage and achievement conversion stage， breaking the limitation of viewing the innovation process as a "black box". The study employs the super-efficiency SBM model to measure the static green in⁃ novation efficiency of high-tech industries, which can assess efficiency values across multiple stages and incorporates indicators of undesirable outputs in high-tech industries，and it can ef⁃ fectively measure the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries in each province.. Addi⁃ tionally, the ML index model is used to gauge the dynamic green innovation efficiency, revealing changes in time series. Both dynamic and static measurements include an analysis of the green innovation efficiency index decomposition and regional disparities in Eastern, Central, and West⁃ ern China, moving beyond mere comparisons of individual provinces. This comprehensive ap⁃ proach aids in depicting the variations in green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries. The study also utilizes the Tobit panel regression model to analyze factors influencing green inno⁃ vation efficiency, offering insights at both the overall and regional levels, thus providing scien⁃ tific recommendations for enhancing green innovation efficiency in high-tech industries. The re⁃ sults indicate that China's high-tech industry generally exhibits a moderately high level of green innovation efficiency, both from static and dynamic perspectives. Moreover, there is a positive development trend, signifying progress in green innovation during the study period. The effi⁃ ciency of both the research and development stage as well as achievement conversion stage show a fluctuating "V-shaped" trend, with the latter phase demonstrating higher efficiency. This sug⁃ gests China's strong capability in translating R&D outcomes of high-tech industries into practi⁃ cal applications. Overall, the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries largely depends on their pure technical efficiency. In terms of influencing factors, environmental regulation and market structure hinder the enhancement of green innovation efficiency in high-tech industries to some extent. Strict environmental regulations may limit green innovation activities, while a lower market concentration facilitates the improvement of green innovation efficiency. Addition⁃ ally, the economic development level of a region has a positive impact on green innovation effi⁃ ciency, indicating that provinces with higher economic levels are more likely to promote green in⁃ novation in high-tech enterprises. The results of this study hold significant implications for policy-making and management of high-tech industries in various provinces. It suggests that policymakers should establish regional standards for green innovation in high-tech industries, encourage such innovation through R&D subsidies and special funds, and establish green tech⁃ nology demonstration projects to create a ripple effect, attracting more high-tech enterprises to participate in green innovation. This study provides a deeper understanding of the current state and influencing factors of green innovation efficiency in China's high-tech industries, offering theoretical support and practical guidance for their sustainable development. 

Key words: high-tech industries green innovation efficiency; SBM model; ML index; Tobit