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Research on Science & Technology Talents

Talent Development Environment and National Innovation Out⁃ put: an Empirical Test from GTCI Data 

Wang Fushi 

(School of Labor Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070, China)

Abstract: The essence of innovation is driven by talent, The report of the Party's 20th Na⁃ tional Congress emphasizes the importance of talent as the first resource and innovation as the primary driving forc. The main purpose of this study is to test whether talent development envi⁃ ronment has a direct impact on national innovation output and the possible intermediary mecha⁃ nism, and to verify the degree of influence of different dimensions of talent development environ⁃ ment on national innovation output. The main method of this study is a combination of theoretical and empirical analysis. First, it reviews the relevant research on the talent development environ⁃ ment system. Based on the theory of human capital, this paper extracts three dimensions of the talent development environment. From the three dimensions of talent development environment, the namely education and training environment, the opening-up environment and the healthy and livable environment, the author puts forward the hypothesis of the direct impact on national innovation output and the hypothesis of the intermediary role of talent capital accumulation be⁃ tween talent development environment and national innovation output, and builds the theoretical framework of talent development environment's impact on national innovation output. This paper examines the mediating role of talent capital accumulation between talent development environ⁃ ment and national innovation output, useing Wen Zhonglin's three-step test method , analyzing sample data from 36 countries with high talent competitiveness in the Global Talent Competitive⁃ ness Index (GTCI) from 2017 to 2021. Further, this study uses the lag term of the independent variable as the instrumental variable, the index replacement of the dependent variable and the re⁃ placement of the intermediary variable to test the robustness of the empirical analysis results. The results show that both the education environment and the open environment have a direct positive effect on national innovation output. Moreover, the opening-up environment exhibits the largest positive total effect on national innovation output. Notably, the education and training en⁃ vironment and the opening-up environment can influence national innovation output through the partial mediating effect of talent capital accumulation, and the education and training environ⁃ ment has the greatest mediating effect on national innovation output through talent capital accu⁃ mulation. The effect of healthy livable environment on talent capital accumulation and national innovation output is not verified in this study. The theoretical significance of this study is as fol⁃ lows: First, it expands the research of human capital theory whith the field of talent science, and classifies talent development environment into three dimensions based on human capital theory: education and training environment, opening to the outside world environment and healthy and livable environment. Second, it constructs and tests the theoretical framework of the impact of tal⁃ ent development environment on national innovation output. Third, it allows for a comparison of the total and intermediary effects of different dimensions of the talent development environment on national innovation output within the same theoretical framework. This study draws practical enlightenment from creating a high-quality talent education environment and promoting highlevel opening up. These actions can help increase the accumulation of high-quality innovative talent capital, attract foreign direct investment, regulate the international market, and create a fa⁃ vorable domestic business atmosphere for foreign investors.

Key words: talent development environment; talent capital accumulation; national innovation output