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Enterprise's R&D and Innovation Management

The Decision-making Subjects of Enterprise Technological Inno⁃ vation: Connotation, Characteristics, and Influencing Factors

Liu Fengchao1 , Wang Yuandi2 , Sun Peizhu1 

(1. School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; 2. School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China)

Abstract: Enhancing the position of enterprises as the main force in technological innovation and leveraging the leading and supporting role of technology-oriented backbone enterprises are crucial measures for creating a favorable environment for the growth of technology-oriented small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and promoting the deep integration of innovation chain, industry chain, capital chain, and talent chain. This is an important strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee to improve China's economic development level in re⁃ sponse to changes in the domestic and international situation, and it has significant guiding sig⁃ nificance for actively playing the role of technological innovation in promoting high-quality eco⁃ nomic development in the future. Strengthening the position of enterprises as the main force in innovation is a key measure for building China into a world-leading science and technology power. Based on a review of relevant research on the system of enterprise innovation subjects and the relationship between decision-making subjects and other subjects. Firstly, this paper closely combines with the progress of China's economic system transformation, and uses the theory of institutional economics as an analytical tool to analyze the basic connotation of the decision-making subjects of enterprise technological innovation. It believes that the research on the decision-making subjects of enterprise technological innovation should focus on the func⁃ tional characteristics and driving mechanisms of the decision-making subjects of enterprise tech⁃ nological innovation, that is, what is the social and economic function of enterprises as decisionmaking subjects of technological innovation? What factors influence the decision-making of technological innovation in enterprises? How do these factors work? Secondly, this paper ex⁃ pounds the basic characteristics of the decision-making subjects of enterprise technological in⁃novation. It believes that the decision-making subjects of technological innovation in enterprises have three levels of characteristics: linking function characteristics, behavioral characteristics, and status characteristics. From the perspective of decision-making goals and their implementa⁃ tion, the core function of the decision-making subjects of enterprise technological innovation is to create new market demand, explore potential demand, identify effective demand, and select so⁃ lutions to meet demand. From the perspective of the generation mechanism of technological inno⁃ vation decision-making, intrinsic demand-driven and voluntary autonomy are the basic behav⁃ ioral characteristics of the decision-making subjects of enterprise technological innovation. From the perspective of the interaction relationship between the elements of the functional sys⁃ tem of enterprise technological innovation subjects, the decision-making subjects of technologi⁃ cal innovation are the core elements of enterprises as technological innovation subjects. Thirdly, this paper discusses the factors influencing the formation of the position of the decision-making subjects of technological innovation in enterprises under the conditions of economic transforma⁃ tion in China. It analyzes the factors influencing the construction of decision-making subjects of technological innovation in enterprises from three aspects: market demand for technology inno⁃ vation and competitive environment, institutional mechanisms and policy factors, and the devel⁃ opment vision and actual capabilities of enterprises themselves. Then, it systematically explores the relationship between the decision-making subjects of technological innovation and the in⁃ vestment subjects, organizational subjects, demand subjects, and value subjects of technological innovation, in order to provide reference for the construction of the position of the decisionmaking subjects of technological innovation in Chinese enterprises. Finally, it draws conclusions and conducts discussions. The establishment of the position of the decision-making subjects of technological innovation in enterprises is not simply an enterprise behavior. It is determined by the structure of the system of decision-making subjects of enterprise technological innovation and constrained by the social environment of decision-making for technological innovation in en⁃ terprises. The key to establishing the position of the decision-making subjects of technological innovation in Chinese enterprises lies in rebuilding the relationship between enterprises and the government. 

Key words: enterprise; technological innovation; decision-making subjects